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Induction System Ice
Not all aircraft ice is structural; induction icing is the cause of many accidents.
Adjustable-Pitch Propeller
A propeller with blades whose pitch can be adjusted on the ground with the engine not running, but which cannot be adjusted in flight. Also referred to as a ground adjustable propeller. Sometimes also used to refer to onstant-speed propellers that are adjustable in flight.
Deicing
Is used after ice has built up to an appreciable amount. Typically this includes surface deice equipment.
VASI
Visual approach slope indicators provides visual descent guidance during the approach to a runway. The
lights are arranged in bars and vary in number from two to 16.
Wing Stall
The wing will ordinarily stall at a lower angle of attack, and thus a higher airspeed, when contaminated with ice. Even small amounts of ice will have an effect, and if the ice is rough, it can be a large effect.
Light
The rate of accumulation may create a problem if flight is prolonged in this environment (over one hour).
Atmospheric Conditions
Haze, flight over open water, or an obscured horizon can make it difficult to see distant objects, impairing the ability to refocus vision.
Steady red
Stop or Give way to other aircraft and continue circling Runway Incursion
Scud Running
This occurs when a pilot tries to maintain visual contact with the terrain at low altitudes while instrument conditions exist.
Night Landing Illusions
Landing illusions occur in many forms. Above featureless terrain at night, there is a natural tendency to fly a lower-than-normal approach. Elements that cause any type of visual obscuration, such as rain, haze, or a dark runway environment also can cause low approaches.
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